The keyway, “bocallave” in Spanish, is the opening through which the key goes into the lock, whether it is the slot in the cylinder or the opening in the escutcheon or plate around it. In everyday language it is called the keyhole.
Its shape depends on the type of lock. On cylinders it is a narrow slot with the outline of the key profile. On lever locks it is a wider opening that takes a bit key.
The keyway is the entry point for many attacks, which is why security escutcheons protect it with steel plates or swivelling covers that only let the key through. Those covers also help against dust and sand.
In beach homes it is worth cleaning it from time to time with air and a dry lubricant. If the key feels rough going in, send us a photo; we will tell you whether maintenance is enough or a cylinder replacement is due.