A security hinge is a hinge designed so that the door cannot be taken out on the hinge side, either by levering it or by cutting the pins. Often the reinforcement is not the hinge itself but steel hinge bolts on the edge of the leaf that engage with the frame when it closes.
With the door closed, those bolts sit inside the frame and the leaf is held on both sides, the lock side and the hinge side. So even if someone manages to break or remove a hinge, the door does not come out.
It is worth checking above all on doors that open outwards, where the hinges are exposed, and on patio or storeroom doors. If your door does not have them, they can be added: you will find it in security hinges.