A lever lock is one that works with a bit key, the typical long key of an old door or a classic security door, which as it turns lifts a set of metal plates called levers until they line up and lets the bolt slide. It has no lock cylinder: the security mechanism is inside the case.
You can recognise it by the keyhole, a long opening, and by the key with teeth at the end. It is very common on old doors and on many first-generation security doors.
Its weak point is that it can be manipulated through the keyhole and that, if a key is lost, the whole lock has to be replaced or re-levered. That is why many are converted to a cylinder without changing the door, which is our lever to cylinder conversion.